Warm your plant-based milk to about 100–110°F (lukewarm, not hot). Pour it into a bowl and mix in the sugar and yeast. Let it sit for 5–10 minutes until foamy. This step ensures your yeast is alive and ready to work its magic.
Step 2: Mix the Dough
In a large mixing bowl, combine the flour and salt. In a separate bowl, mix the melted vegan butter, aquafaba, and vanilla extract. Add the foamy yeast mixture to the dry ingredients, followed by the wet mixture. Stir until a shaggy dough forms.
Step 3: Knead the Dough
Turn the dough out onto a floured surface and knead for about 8–10 minutes, or until the dough is smooth and elastic. If you're using a stand mixer with a dough hook, this step takes about 5 minutes.
Step 4: First Rise
Place the dough in a lightly oiled bowl and cover it with a clean kitchen towel. Let it rise in a warm spot for about 1 hour or until doubled in size. This is a great time to prep the cream cheese filling.
Step 5: Make the Cream Cheese Filling
Using a hand mixer or a sturdy spoon, mix the vegan cream cheese, powdered sugar, lemon juice, and vanilla extract until smooth. Set aside.
Step 6: Shape the Kolaches
Once the dough has risen, punch it down gently and divide it into 12 equal pieces. Roll each into a ball and place on a lined baking sheet, spaced evenly. Flatten each ball slightly with your fingers or the bottom of a glass to create a small well in the center.
Step 7: Add the Filling
Spoon about 1 tablespoon of the cream cheese mixture into the center of each dough round. If desired, add a dollop of fruit preserves on top or sprinkle on the optional crumb topping.
Step 8: Final Rise
Cover the kolaches loosely with a towel and let them rise again for about 30 minutes while the oven preheats to 350°F.
Step 9: Bake
Bake the kolaches in the preheated oven for 18 minutes or until the edges are golden brown and the filling is set.
Step 10: Cool and Serve
Let them cool on the baking sheet for a few minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. Dust with powdered sugar before serving, if desired.